I think you could, in theory--but it's not easy to tell from other Penicilliums, and the risk of contamination from other fungi and bacteria would be pretty high. Probably every house has different spore fauna/flora make-up. I would imagine that if you started with a pretty sterile mediums, and inoculated with a sample that you were sure was notatumyou could do it. It was originally isolated in London, which has a not too drastically different climate from Southern New England.

Now as far as extracting the penicillin from it...